Effect of various stressors on the levels of lipid peroxide,antioxidants and Na+, K+-ATPase actrivity in rat brain

The level of malondialdehyde (MDA), an index of lipid peroxidation, and the antioxidants superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH), as well as the activity of Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase, were assessed in whole rat brain after immobilization, anemic hypoxia (NaNO₂) and 72 h starvation. The effect of these stressors on plasma glucose and corticosterone levels was also observed. Hypoxia and starvation stimulated the lipidj peroxide formation in braini as indicated by an increase in the level of MDA, being higher after starvation than hypoxia. Brain SOD activity was also increased in response to hypoxia and starvation while GSH content was only diminished ini hypoxia. However, neither MDA nor antioxidants were affected by immobilization. On the other hand, the activity of brain Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase was significantly increased by immobilization and hypoxia but decreased in starvation. A similar pattern of change was also observed in plasma glucose and corticosterone levels in response to these stressors. These results elucidate differences in the biochemical response of animals towards various types of stress, with increased lipid peroxide formation in hypoxia and starvation.     

Antioxidant survey to assess antagonism to redox stress using a prokaryotic and an eukaryotic system

Using a prokaryote (Escherichia coli) and a metazoa-resembling eukaryote (Ochromonas danica), we surveyed antioxidants which might overcome redox stress imposed by menadione sodium bisulphite (MD) and buthionine sulphoximine (BSO). BSO oxidant stress was evident only inO. danica; MD oxidant stress was evident in both organisms. Glutathione, its precursors, e.g. cysteine, homocysteine, and 2-oxo-4-thiazolidine carboxylic acid, and red blood cells, emerged as prime antioxidants for relieving BSO and MD oxidant stress. BSO and MD oxidant activity and antioxidant-annulling effect inO. danica were judged comparable to those found in animal cells whereas the resultsE. coli were not entirely equivalent. TheO. danica system emerged as a practical, rapid, and useful system for pinpointing oxidant stressors and antioxidants, and shows promise for studies with mammalian systems.     

IAA对黄瓜花粉管伸长及花粉内源cAMP含量的影响

研究不同浓度的ＩＡＡ对黄瓜花粉管伸长及内源ｃＡＭＰ含量的影响。结果表明：５ｍｇ／ＬＩＡＡ明显促进花粉管伸长，而１００ｍｇ／ＬＩＡＡ则完全抑制花粉萌发。     

啤酒大麦籽粒形成期蛋白质含量和内源激素之间动态变化的研究

利用蛋白质含量不同的两种啤酒大麦品种，对籽粒形成期籽粒蛋白质含量的贮积过程与内源激素的变化进行了比较研究。结果表明：两品种籽粒形成期间，法瓦维特籽粒蛋白质含量始终高于新啤一号；与其明显高的GA4含量之间有密切关系，而且法瓦维特的IAA含量也始终处于高水平状态，但ABA含量总体低于新啤一号，并且籽粒形成初期DHZR含量也处于较低的水平，激素间的互效作用可能是蛋白质含量贮积较多的生理基础。     

经济统计学：从德国传统到当代困境

从经济统计学历史各流派中概括出4种学科范式和3种主要学科观念,进而从基本算法、指标和测度悖律3个方面阐述本学科的基本问题和约束,再从现代经济学的母学科背景来分析经济统计学的当代困境,最后从外生与内生、结构与层次2个方面做出学科展望.     

赤霉素对'大富贵'芍药休眠解除及内源激素和糖类代谢的影响

研究不同质量浓度赤霉素（GA₃，0、100、200、300、1 000 mg/L）替代低温解除芍药品种‘大富贵’休眠的效果，探讨休眠解除前后其内源激素和糖类代谢生理变化，为生产上利用GA₃解除芍药休眠及调控花期提供理论及技术支撑。     

金融系统的资源配置功能与经济增长

建立内生增长模型研究金融系统资源配置功能如何促进经济增长 .结论 :通过提高“创新平均成功概率”,增加“创新投资比例”、“储蓄转化比例”和储蓄率 ,金融系统能够促进经济快速稳定增长 .另外本文还得到产出 -资本比“阶跃”增长图象.     

A decision rule to minimize daily capital charges in forecasting value‐at‐risk

Under the Basel II Accord, banks and other authorized deposit‐taking institutions (ADIs) have to communicate their daily risk estimates to the monetary authorities at the beginning of the trading day, using a variety of value‐at‐risk (VaR) models to measure risk. Sometimes the risk estimates communicated using these models are too high, thereby leading to large capital requirements and high capital costs. At other times, the risk estimates are too low, leading to excessive violations, so that realized losses are above the estimated risk. In this paper we analyze the profit‐maximizing problem of an ADI subject to capital requirements under the Basel II Accord as ADIs have to choose an optimal VaR reporting strategy that minimizes daily capital charges. Accordingly, we suggest a dynamic communication and forecasting strategy that responds to violations in a discrete and instantaneous manner, while adapting more slowly in periods of no violations. We apply the proposed strategy to Standard & Poor's 500 Index and show there can be substantial savings in daily capital charges, while restricting the number of violations to within the Basel II penalty limits. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

荧光分析法研究抗氧化剂与单重态氧的反应能力

本文以二苯基苯并呋喃为发荧光的单重态氧(~1O_2)接受体,并作为与抗氧化剂(X)竞争反应中的标准物质。根据它在反应时引起的荧光强度变化,利用类似的Stern-Volmer方程式作图,从中求得各X的β值(~1O_2自行失活为基态氧的速度常数和~1O_2与X反应的速度常数kx的比值)和kx值。在选用的五类X中,以色满类的kx为最大(kx=3.78×10~8m~(-1)s~(-1));双螺色满类次之(9—10×10~7m~(-1)s~(-1));再次为对苯二酚类(6—7×10~7m~(-1)s~(-1))和双酚类(2—3×10~7m~(-1)s~(-1));苯酚类最小(5×10~6m~(-1)s~(-1))。将上述各X加入彩色相纸的品红层乳剂中进行光退色试验时,所得结果亦相一致。即kx愈大,染料影像的密度变化愈小。